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Metastasis, Difficult Spread of Cancer Cells

Do you know what metastasis is? Metastasis is the movement or spread of cancer cells from one organ or tissue to another organ or tissue. Cancer cells usually spread through the blood or lymph nodes. The spread of this cancer can occur anywhere, both in the tissues, to nearby organs and distant organs. The term metastasis means that the cancer has spread beyond its original place. Whether cancer cells spread to other parts of the body depends on many things, such as the type of cancer, the stage of the cancer (stage), and the location where the cancer originated. Treatment also depends on the type of cancer and the location of its spread.

Stages of Cancer Spread

You need to know that cancer cells can spread locally by moving to the nearest healthy tissue. Cancer can also spread regionally, namely to the lymph nodes, tissue, or surrounding organs. In addition, cancer can also spread to distant parts of the body. Cancer cells spread through the body in a series of stages, including:
  • Ingrown or invading healthy tissue nearby.
  • Move through the walls of the nearest lymph node or blood vessel.
  • Move towards the lymphatic and blood flow system to other parts of the body.
  • Then, stop in a small blood vessel in a distant place, attack and penetrate the walls of blood vessels, then move to the surrounding tissue.
  • Grow in these tissues until a small tumor is formed.
  • After that, it causes new blood vessels to grow, which creates a blood supply that allows tumors to continue to grow.
Cancer can spread to any part of the body depending on the location where the tumor originated. However, some places that usually experience metastasis are bone, liver or liver, lungs, brain, peritoneum or abdominal cavity, adrenal glands, and vagina. Cancer that has spread or has metastasis will become metastatic cancer. Metastatic cancer does not always cause symptoms. When symptoms occur, the type and frequency will depend on the size and location of the spread of the tumor. Some of the common signs of metastatic cancer are pain and fractures when the cancer has invaded the bone; headache, seizures, or dizziness when the cancer has spread to the brain; shortness of breath when the cancer has spread to the lungs; jaundice or swelling in the stomach when the cancer has spread to the liver. If you have cancer, the thing to watch out for is the stage of the cancer. Stage refers to the severity of your cancer, such as how big the tumor is, and whether it has spread or not. Knowing the stage of your cancer can help your doctor understand how severe the cancer is and the chances of life you have to plan the best treatment for you. In addition, the stage of cancer can identify clinical trials that may be a treatment option for you. Usually, doctors use the TNM system to find out the stage of your cancer. The following explanation:
  • T refers to the size and area of ​​the main tumor. The main tumor is usually called a primary tumor.
  • N refers to the number of nearby lymph nodes that have cancer.
  • M refers to whether the cancer has metastasized or not. If so, the cancer has spread from the primary tumor to other parts of the body. In this situation, cancer is said to have entered stage 4.

Cancer that spreads is difficult to treat

Once the cancer spreads, it will be difficult to control. Although some types of metastatic cancer can be cured with several treatments available today, but most can not be cured. The treatment aims to stop or slow the growth of cancer, to eliminate the symptoms it causes, and can also help extend the life of the patient. Treatment depends on your type of primary cancer, the location of the spread, treatments you have taken before, and what your current health condition is. The treatments and treatments include chemotherapy and other therapies such as radiation therapy, surgical procedures, and ablation. After learning the information that metastasis is the spread of cancer to other organs or tissues, there are some things you can do as a preventative measure, for example:
  • Do not smoke
  • Eat healthy foods like fruits and vegetables
  • Maintain a healthy weight
  • Exercise routine
  • Protect yourself from sun exposure
  • Get immunized
  • Avoiding risky behaviors that cause illness, such as having free sex or sharing needles
  • Routinely conduct periodic health checks to detect cancer early.
It is important for you to know that the earlier the cancer is detected, the greater the chance of successful treatment. Life expectancy is also higher than if cancer metastasis has occurred or the cancer has reached its final stage. For that, you can do regular health checks with a doctor and undergo a number of tests for early cancer detection.

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